Escapement.



TENT OFFICE.

MORGAN W. DAVIES, OF OLE ELUM, XVASHINGTON.

ESGAPEMENT.

Application filed December 23, 1913.

T all whom it may concern Be it known that l, MORGAN lV. DAVIES, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Cle El an, in t ie county of Kittitas and State of lV-ashington, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in Escapements, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to escapeinents and more particularly to that type of escapement which is used in watches and clocks.

The principal object of the invention is to improve and simplify the general construction of devices of this character.

A second object of the invention is to provide an escapement wheel of improved con struction adapted to operate in conjunction with an oscillatory lever carrying an engagement pin or jewel.

A third object of the invention is to provide a novel form and arrangement of the pallets on such a wheel.

l'Vith the above and other objects in view the invention consists in general of a novel form of escapement wheel, the novelty lying in the form and arrangement of the pallets, in combination with an oscillatory lever carrying an engagement pin or ewel.

The invention further consists in general of certain novel details of construction and combination of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and specifically claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, like characters of reference indicate like parts in the several views, and

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an escapement wheel together with the lever used therewith as constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a. section on the line 22 01": Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view of one end of the oscillating lever. Fig. 1 is an enlarged detail view in side elevation of the end of said lever. Fig. 5 is an enlarged end view of said lever. Fig. 6 shows a slight modification of the pin or jewel. Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail view 01 a portion of the wheel and lever with the lever in one position. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 showing the wheel and lever with the lever in a second position and the wheel advanced one tooth. Fig. 9 is a detail view showing a portion of a modified wheel and the lever. Fig. 10 is a detail side view of the modification shown in Fig. 9.

In carrying out the objects of this inven- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 15, 1914.

Serial in. 808,514.

tion there is provided an arbor 10 whereon is mounted a wheel 11. Extending from the periphery of this wheel are certain teeth which are of two distinct forms alternately arranged. The first of these forms is provided with a shank 12 which extends radially of the wheel and with an outer portion 13 extending diagonally of the shank. The shank 12 is of the same thickness as the wheel 11 but the dia onally extending portion 13 has one side in the same plane as one side of the wheel while the other side is in a plane raised above the remaining side of the wheel so as to maxe a projection above said side. Moreover this portion 13 is cut oil on a plane substantially radial o1 the wheel so as to provide a fiat end 1%. Each of the remaining teeth is provided with a shank portion 15 and a diagonally extending portion 16, said portion extending in the opposite direction to the portion 18. These latter teeth each have one side lying in the plane of the first mentioned side of the wheel 11 while the entire remaining side extends above the wheel so that a shouldered portion 17 is provided which is substantially radial of the wheel and which is located in such position that an object freed from the inner end of the portion 13 of the first mentioned tooth will strike against said shouldered portion. Moreover the diagonal portion 16 is so arranged that an object gliding along the outer side of this diagonal portion and passing thereover will strike against the fiat end 1 01 the portion 13 of the first mentioned tooth.

Mounted on an arbor 18 adjacent the wheel 11 is a lever 19 one end of which is split as indicated at 20 and this split end is provided, intermediate the ends or" the split portion, with a suitable opening to receive a pin or jewel 21 which preferably is provided with parallel fiat sides 22 and 23. The other end of the lever is slotted as at 2% for the reception of the usual pin on the balance wheel or pendulum, which latter are not necessary here to be shown as they are of the common and well known kind.

In the form shown in Figs. 9 and 10 there is provided a wheel 25 on the periphery of which are arranged diagonally disposed teeth 26 and 27, the teeth 26 alternating with the teeth 27. These teeth 26 and 27 have fiat surfaces 28 at each end, said surfaces being arranged substantially radial with respect to the axis of the wheel. Moreover,

the teeth are so arrangedthat as the Wheel revolves the forward end of each tooth projects outwardly beyond the rearward end of the tooth in front thereof so that the pin 21, sliding off of one tooth, will strike against the flat forward end of the next succeeding tooth and thereby check the motion of the wheel 25 momentarily.

In the preferred form of jewel or pin the flat sides 22 and 23 are connected by curved or arcuate sides 29 while in the form shown in Fig. 6 these fiat sides are connected by diagonally disposed sides 30. ,In place of the simple pin or jewel the usual roller pin provided with a revolving sleeve may be used as an anti-friction means in large clocks.

In the operation of the device, considering the form shown in Fig. 1, it will be noted that the arbor 10 is connected in the usual way to the driving train of the clock. Now under the influence of this driving train the wheel 11 will turn to revolve in the direction of the arrow A. The oscillation of the pendulum or balance wheel will cause similar oscillation in the lever 19. Now as the wheel 11 revolves the jewel 21 will be engaged, starting from the position shown in Fig. 7, by the flat end 14 of the first form of tooth above described. The action of the balance wheel will then cause the lever 19 to move in the direction of the neutral line B which lies at right angles to the radius 0 of the wh el 11. This will bring the pin 21 in such position as to be engaged by the slanting side of the portion 13 of said tooth and will thus move the end of the lever carrying the pin past the neutral line being assisted therein by the action of the spring of the balance wheel or the pendulum. However, as soon as this slanting side engages the pin or jewel 21 an additional force is imparted by means of the driving train so that the pin is carried farther than it would be carried by the action of the balance spring or the pendulum alone. Thus the balance spring is tensioned sufliciently to overcome the inertia and frictional resistance losses. The pin, reaching the end of the slanting surface of this tooth passes between the end of the raised portion and the body of the wheel and engages against the shoulder 17 of the next succeeding tooth. This checks the motion of the wheel 11 and the action of the balance spring or pendulum starts the lever 19 back so that the pin or jewel moves away from the center of the wheel 11. This causes this pin to be engaged by the slanting surface 16 of the next succeeding tooth and this surface acts in a manner similar to the slanting surface of the previously mentioned tooth so that the pin or jewel is thrown beyond the end of the slanting surface 16 and passes over the end of said tooth and engages against the flat surface 14; of the next succeeding tooth whereupon the operation is completely repeated. In this way the bal ance wheel 11 is kept at each tooth and the clock train caused to unwind slowly.

In the form shown in Figs. 9 and 10 the same action takes place with the exception that in place of engaging the shoulder 17 the pin alternately engages the forward end 28 of one tooth and the forward end 28 of the next succeeding tooth, it being understood that in this form thewheel revolves in the direction of the arrow I). There has thus been provided a simple and eiiicient device of the kind described and of the character specified.

It will be obvious that many minor changes may be made in the form and construction of this invention without departing from the material principles thereof. It is not therefore desired to confine the invention to the exact form herein shown and described, but it is wished to include all such as come properly witnin the scope claimed.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is

1. In an escapement of the class described; an escapement wheel provided with teeth projecting from its periphery each having a diagonally disposed escapement pin engaging surface and a substantially radial anchor portion, said pin engaging surfaces being disposed alternately in one direction and another.

2. In an escapement of the class described; an escapement wheel provided with ice teeth each having a shank extending from its periphery in a substantially radial direction, the outer portions of said teeth being disposed angularly to said shanks and alternately inclined in opposite directions to provide alternately directed driving surfaces for an escapement pin, every alternate tooth having its outer portion only projecting above I the side surface of the wheel and the remaining teeth having the shank and outer 11o portion both extending above said surface, the first mentioned teeth extending beyond the last mentioned teeth and being provided with substantially radial anchor surfaces at their ends, the shanks of the last mentioned teeth constituting the anchor portions thereof.

3. In an escapement of the class described; an escapement wheel provided with teeth projecting from its periphery each having a diagonally disposed escapement pin engaging surface and a substantially radial anchor portion, said pin engaging surfaces being disposed alternately in one direction and another; in combination with an oscillatory lever, and an escapement pin carried thereby and alternately engaging said teeth.

at. In an escapement of the class described; an escapement wheel provided with 13a teeth each having a shank extendingtromits periphery in a substantially radial direction, the outer portions of said teeth being disposed angularly to said shanks and alternately inclined in OPPQSELLQ directions to provide alternately directed driving surfaces for an escapeinent pin every alternate tooth having its outer portion only projecting above the side surface of the Wheel and the remaining teeth having the shank and outer portion both extending above said surface, the first mentioned teeth extending beyond the last mentioned teeth and being provided With substantially radial anchor surfaces at their ends, the shanks of the last mentioned teeth constituting the anchor portions thereof; in combination With an oscillatory lever, and an escapeinent pin carried thereby and alternately engaging said teeth.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

MORGAN W. DAVIE Witnesses 1 L. R. NELSON, J. iVAsI-IINGTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. 

